热光双稳态的临界入射功率与临界温升

本文考虑到F—P腔夹层介质和后反射镜均具有一定的吸收时,推导出产生热致色散光学双稳态的临界入射光功率P_c和临界温升△T_c的数学解析表达式。理论计算的 △T_c值与实验值非常符合。为了得到最佳光学双稳态回线和避免腔内的纵向温度梯度,夹层介质和后反射镜应具有一定的匹配吸收。     

不同光照下梅尼小环藻对昼夜温差变化的生理响应

为探讨硅藻在不同环境中对昼夜温差变化的响应机制,以梅尼小环藻为代表,研究了在高光照与低光照两种条件下,3种不同昼夜温差对梅尼小环藻生物量、光合活性、营养盐吸收利用的影响。试验结果表明:在5~10 ℃范围内,昼夜温差的减小能促进梅尼小环藻细胞密度与叶绿素a的增长,使其比生长速率增加;在高光照下,各组梅尼小环藻的最大量子产量(F_v/F_m)差异显著,降幅范围为36.3%~65.2%(P<0.05),而低光照下各组F_v/F_m的组间差异不显著(P>0.05);此外,随着温差减小,培养基中PO^3-₄-P的净减小值越大;不同处理组梅尼小环藻对硅的亲和力也表现出差异:高光照下,5 ℃温差组的硅亲和力最高,其半饱和常数(K_m)为1.755 ng/L,而低光照下,恒温组的亲和力最高,其K_m为4.673 ng/L;不同光照条件下,梅尼小环藻的生理习性对昼夜温差的响应不同,但总体上一定范围内昼夜温差减小有利于梅尼小环藻的生长繁殖。     

Investigation of fusion reactions in palladium and titanium tritide using galvanostatic,coulometric, and hydrogen permeation techniques

We describe several electrochemical methods used to investigate the possibility of cold fusion phenomena in palladium and titanium tritide cathodes. We performed long-term (up to 77 days) electrolysis experiments with electrochemical cells of the University of Utah type at current densities as high as 1 A/cm², while monitoring neutron and tritium levels. With some cells, we pulsed the current to determine if neutron bursts would result. In another cell, we used titanium tritide as the cathode to determine if D-T reactions yielding neutrons would occur. In no instance were levels of neutrons or tritium significantly above background except in the titanium tritide cell where isotopic exchange, occcurring between the electrode and the electrolyte, resulted in significant tritium levels. We also combined x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electrochemical hydrogen permeation experiments to determine the effectiveness of various Pd surface treatment procedures on the resultant electrochemical hydrogen absorption efficiency. Electroanalytical and thermal desorption/gas analysis techniques indicated the maximum loading of H in Pd was to a ratio of HPd=0.8.     

大段长高压电缆护层保护器暂态特性分析与参数优化设计

大段长高压电缆在运行时会产生过高的护层感应电压,这对电缆护层保护器的过电压防护特性提出了更高要求,因此需要针对大段长电缆护层保护器暂态特性进行分析研究。基于PSCAD仿真软件,建立了典型220 kV高压电缆线路仿真模型,得出了在短路过电压和雷击过电压情况下,高压电缆长度对护层感应电压暂态特性的影响。通过绝缘配合与能量保护相结合的方式,得到了保护器参数取值范围及电缆线路短路电流与长度的适配曲线,提出了护层保护器参数优化设计的具体方法,并进行了试验测试。测试结果表明:当电缆线路出现短路故障时,随着电缆长度的增加,护层感应电压先线性增长,随后在保护器残压阈值的限制作用下逐渐趋于"饱和"状态,现有保护器能量吸收能力难以满足大段长电缆需求;改进后的护层保护器能量吸收能力显著提升,20 k A短路电流时允许的电缆长度大幅提高,满足大段长高压电缆线路安全运行的要求。     

热处理对多孔铝合金压缩吸能性能的影响

采用渗流铸造工艺 ,制备了Al Si系多孔铝合金 ,讨论了其压缩变形特征及能量吸收性能 ,分别对ZL10 1、ZL111两种多孔铝合金进行T6热处理 ,研究了热处理对这两种多孔铝合金压缩吸能性能的影响。研究结果表明 ,热处理能够提高多孔铝合金的能量吸收能力 ,对屈服强度及能量吸收效率也有显著的影响 ,为提高多孔铝合金的压缩性能 ,应尽可能施行热处理     

STRUCTURAL DETERMINATION OF TITANIUM-OXIDE NANOPARTICLES BY X-RAY ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY

As a potential application of titanium-oxide nanoparticles, it is extremely important to investigate a detailed picture of the surface and interior structural properties of nanocrystalline materials, such as rutile and anatase with diameters 7.0 and 4.5nm, respectively. X-ray absorption spectroscopy has been used to identify the local Ti environment and related electronic structure. We combine the experimental results at the Ti edge in both bulk and nano-crystals to determine the lattice distortion in terms of differently characteristic preedge features and the variation in the multiple-scattering region of X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectra. The relationship between the transition peaks and the surface-to volume ratio is also discussed.     

氮气氛下直拉硅中氮含量的红外光谱测定

提出了利用直拉硅中与氮有关的特征红外吸收峰９６３、９９６、１０８１－１及１０２７ｃｍ－１确定直拉硅中氮含量的计算公式，并进行了多种样品实测。该法克服了只用９６３ｃｍ－１峰测定直拉硅中氮使结果偏低的弊病，方法相对偏差为５％～２０％     

相对压强对白炭黑氮吸附表面积测试稳定性的影响

研究相对压强对白炭黑氮吸附表面积测试稳定性的影响。结果表明:在相同液氮纯度、脱气温度、脱气时间、氮吸附点数量条件下,与相对压强范围为0.05~0.1时相比,相对压强范围为0.05~0.2时白炭黑的氮吸附表面积测量值偏低,且差值随氮吸附表面积的增大呈增大趋势;相对压强范围较小时,氮吸附表面积测试结果的线性相关因数较大,再现性较好,测试结果较稳定。     

Radiation-absorption,chemical reaction,Hall and ion slip impacts on magnetohydrodynamic free convective flow over semi-infinite moving absorbent surface

The investigation of radiation-absorption,chemical reaction,Hall and ion-slip impacts on unsteady MHD free convective laminar flow of an incompressible viscous,electrically conducting and heat generation/absorbing fluid enclosed with a semi-infinite porous plate within a rotating frame has been premeditated.The plate is assumed to be moving with a constant velocity in the direction of fluid movement.A uniform transverse magnetic field is applied at right angles to the porous surface,which is absorbing the fluid with a suction velocity changing with time.The non-dimensional governing equations for present inves-tigation are solved analytically making use of two term harmonic and non-harmonic functions.The graphical results of velocity,temperature and concentration distributions on the analytical solutions are displayed and discussed with reference to pertinent parameters.It is found that the velocity profiles decreased with an increasing in Hartmann number,rotation parameter,the Schmidt number,heat source parameter,while it increased due to an increase in permeability parameter,radiation-absorption param-eter,Hall and ion slip parameters.However,the temperature profile is an increasing function of radiation-absorption parameter,whereas an increase in chemical reaction parameter,the Schmidt num-ber Sc or frequency of oscillations decrease the temperature profile on cooling.Also,it is found that the concentration profile is decreased with an escalating in the Schmidt number or the chemical reaction parameter.     

纳米颗粒强化胺法吸收CO2研究进展

碳捕集、利用与封存（CCUS）技术是缓解全球气候变化的重要措施之一。纳米颗粒因具有良好表面效应和体积效应,能够强化CO2捕集传质性能而备受青睐,其可增大胺法吸收CO2过程中的传质系数并减少溶剂再生所需的能量,有望进一步提高CO2捕集效率、降低能耗。本文从纳米颗粒强化胺法吸收CO2过程出发,讨论了纳米颗粒强化吸收的3种机理（抑制气泡聚并机理、传输机理、边界层混合机理）,总结了近年来国内外最新研究进展,论述了纳米颗粒强化CO2吸收过程中的主要影响因素,指出纳米颗粒对CO2吸收过程的强化是多重因素共同作用的结果,并对该技术的未来研究方向作了展望。